Pope Francis has arrived in northern Iraq where he plans to pray in the ruins of churches damaged or destroyed by Islamic State extremists.
He will also celebrate an open-air mass on the last day of the first-ever papal visit to the country.
The Vatican hopes the landmark visit will rally the country's Christian communities and encourage them to stay despite decades of war and instability.
Francis has also delivered a message of interreligious tolerance and fraternity to Muslim leaders, including in an historic meeting on Saturday with Iraq's top Shiite cleric, Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani.
Francis will head to the northern city of Mosul, which was heavily damaged in the war against IS, to pray for Iraq's war victims.
The setting will be a city square surrounded by the remnants of four damaged churches belonging to some of Iraq's myriad Christian rites and denominations.
He will travel by helicopter across the Nineveh plains to the small Christian community of Qaraqosh, where only a fraction of families have returned after fleeing the IS onslaught in 2014.
He will hear testimonies from residents and pray in the Church of the Immaculate Conception, which was torched by IS and restored in recent years.
He wraps up Sunday with a mass in the stadium in Irbil, in the semi-autonomous northern Kurdish region, that is expected to draw as many as 10,000 people.
He arrived in Irbil early Sunday and was greeted by children in traditional dress and one outfitted as a pope.
Iraq declared victory over IS in 2017 and while the extremist group no longer controls any territory it still carries out sporadic attacks, especially in the north.
The country has also seen a series of recent rocket attacks by Iran-backed militias against US targets, violence linked to tensions between Washington and Tehran.
The IS group's brutal three-year rule of much of northern and western Iraq, and the gruelling campaign against it, left a vast swathe of destruction.
Reconstruction efforts have stalled amid a years-long financial crisis and entire neighbourhoods remain in ruins. Many Iraqis have had to rebuild homes at their own expense.
Iraq's Christian minority was hit especially hard.
The militants forced them to choose among conversion, death or the payment of a tax for non-Muslims.
Thousands fled, leaving behind homes and churches were destroyed or commandeered by the extremists.
Iraq's nearly 2,000-year-old Christian population had already rapidly dwindled, from around 1.5 million before the 2003 US-led invasion that plunged the country into chaos to just a few hundred thousand today.
Francis hopes to deliver a message of hope underscored by the historic nature of the visit and the fact it is his first international trip since the start of the pandemic.
Australian Associated Press
